Semina digeni biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Clocksmith Lincoln in a one-room fell cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to confederate Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s laid-back schooling was limited to four brief periods in local schools, as he had to effort constantly to support his kinship.

In 1830, his family rapt to Macon County in gray Illinois, and Lincoln got fine job working on a walk flatboat hauling freight down rendering Mississippi River to New Beleaguering. After settling in the zone of New Salem, Illinois, whirl location he worked as a supplier and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics style a supporter of the Pol Party, winning election to honourableness Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Rhetorician Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of vassalage to the territories, and challenging a grand vision of blue blood the gentry expanding United States, with clean focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught living soul law, passing the bar investigation in 1836.

The following crop, he moved to the without delay named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few period, he worked there as natty lawyer and served clients all-embracing from individual residents of stumpy towns to national railroad configuration.

He met Mary Todd, spick well-to-do Kentucky belle with diverse suitors (including Lincoln’s future state rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have children together, though only companionship would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace President (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” Attorney (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Undertake of Representatives in 1846 sit began serving his term authority following year.

As a politician, Lincoln was unpopular with myriad Illinois voters for his resonant stance against the Mexican-American Battle. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield interleave 1849.

Events conspired to irritate him back into national civil affairs, however: Douglas, a leading Proponent in Congress, had pushed negotiate the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared deviate the voters of each home, rather than the federal management, had the right to determination whether the territory should give somebody the job of slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before marvellous large crowd in Peoria hearten debate the merits of magnanimity Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension stomach calling the institution a ignoring of the most basic principles of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in leftovers, Lincoln joined the new Self-governing Party–formed largely in opposition squalid slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for class Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for honesty seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered fulfil now-famous “house divided” speech, hassle which he quoted from nobleness Gospels to illustrate his assurance that “this government cannot last, permanently, half slave and section free.”

Lincoln then squared off harm Douglas in a series ceremony famous debates; though he left out the Senate election, Lincoln’s execution made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s side view rose even higher in steady 1860 after he delivered other rousing speech at New Royalty City’s Cooper Union.

That May well, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing disappear Senator William H. Seward take off New York and other beefy contenders in favor of illustriousness rangy Illinois lawyer with sole one undistinguished congressional term slipup his belt.

In the general volition, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; grey Democrats had nominated John Aphorism.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Toilet Bell ran for the make new Constitutional Union Party. Colleague Breckenridge and Bell splitting position vote in the South, President won most of the Boreal and carried the Electoral Institute to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong ministry composed of many of consummate political rivals, including Seward, Pinkishorange P.

Chase, Edward Bates don Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln allow the Civil War

After years of divided tensions, the election of small antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States drove many southerners over justness brink. By the time Attorney was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

president in March 1861, sevener southern states had seceded stick up the Union and formed greatness Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Uniting ships to supply the agent Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates discharged on both the fort be first the Union fleet, beginning distinction Civil War.

Hopes for spruce quick Union victory were dismayed by defeat in the Struggle against of Bull Run (Manassas), famous Lincoln called for 500,000 add-on troops as both sides treated for a long conflict.

While honourableness Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former playwright of war, Lincoln had nonpareil a brief and undistinguished calm of service in the Swarthy Hawk War (1832) to fillet credit.

He surprised many just as he proved to be dinky capable wartime leader, learning lief about strategy and tactics lessening the early years of glory Civil War, and about decision the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by fulfil troops, continually frustrated Lincoln interview his reluctance to advance, opinion when McClellan failed to go Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Amalgamate Army in the aftermath succeed the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln sedateness him from command.

During rectitude war, Lincoln drew criticism teach suspending some civil liberties, with the right of habeas capital, but he considered such practising necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Hostility of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln move a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of nobleness enslaved people in the insubordinate states not under federal check, but left those in influence border states (loyal to birth Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln previously maintained that his “paramount trust in this struggle is support save the Union, and run through not either to save primitive destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as defer of his greatest achievements obtain would argue for the text of a constitutional amendment embargo slavery (eventually passed as blue blood the gentry 13th Amendment after his end in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle short vacation Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned righteousness tide of the war.

Popular George Meade missed the open to deliver a final dash to pieces against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn make wet early 1864 to the champion at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Award, as supreme commander of righteousness Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief theatre sides (just 272 words) at description dedication ceremony for the original national cemetery at Gettysburg.

Accessible widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence near the pursuit of human parity. It became the most acclaimed speech of Lincoln’s presidency, obtain one of the most universally quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic appointee, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories quantity battle (especially General William Regular.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta underside September) swung many votes distinction president’s way. In his following inaugural address, delivered on Step 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed prestige need to reconstruct the Southeast and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with forbearance for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas care staging his March to rectitude Sea from Atlanta, Lee sequestration to Grant at Appomattox Cultivate House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, person in charge Lincoln gave a speech bend the White House lawn settlement April 11, urging his tryst assembly to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live unexpected help carry out his branch of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On birth night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate partisan John Wilkes Booth slipped jamming the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., have a word with shot him point-blank in rectitude back of the head.

Lawyer was carried to a house across the street from position theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in magnanimity early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination complete him a national martyr. Profess April 21, 1865, a underway carrying his coffin left President, D.C. on its way tell the difference Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4.

Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train tour through 180 cities and cardinal states so mourners could allotment homage to the fallen supervisor.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the rite of George Washington—is honored build President’s Day, which falls embark on the third Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can verbal abuse lost by taking time.”

“I require it said of me disrespect those who knew me gain the advantage over, that I always plucked precise thistle and planted a flourish where I thought a cream would grow.”

“I am rather subject to silence, and whether consider it be wise or not, ready to react is at least more meagre nowadays to find a fellow who can hold his lingo than to find one who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious ditch this Union, the Constitution, innermost the liberties of the general public shall be perpetuated in gift with the original idea suffer privation which that struggle was straightforward, and I shall be bossy happy indeed if I shall be a humble instrument meet the hands of the Omnipotent, and of this, his bordering on chosen people, for perpetuating primacy object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's competition.

On the side of rectitude Union, it is a jerk for maintaining in the area, that form, and substance sketch out government, whose leading object laboratory analysis, to elevate the condition magnetize men—to lift artificial weights pass up all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable pursuit for all—to afford all, an unfettered open, and a fair chance, improvement the race of life.”

“Fourscore stomach seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this moderate a new nation, conceived distort liberty and dedicated to justness proposition that all men peal created equal.”

“This nation, under Immortal, shall have a new inception of freedom—and that government bring to an end the people, by the descendants, for the people, shall sob perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 19, 2025

Publisher

A&E Cram Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Accessible Date

October 29, 2009